Welcome to the Miami Jews Newsletter
By David Behar on October 8, 2024
Welcome everyone,
I’d like to start this year off right by launching my first newsletter, the “Miami Jews”. Since starting the group, I’ve always had the idea to produce educational content regarding Sephardic history and traditions. These are topics that personally interest me, and they aren’t typically taught in Jewish day schools or synagogues. I’m planning to produce these newsletters on an ad-hoc basis, or in other words, whenever I feel like it.
In addition to producing educational content, I plan to advertise different members of the community for shidduch and for business purposes. I have a wide network of people across the US and Latin America. This will be a great way for people to get to connect with eachother. I’ve included links to each person’s Instagram within their pictures (just click on it) if you want to give them a follow or send them a message.
Below, you’ll see images with all of the news articles covered in this edition. Click on each of the images to read the full article. I hope you all enjoy.
Welcome to David's List
Launching this section below to highlight single community members I know who are looking for their match. You can ask me whatever questions you need to know about these people. Click on their photos to access their Instagram.
David Nekave
Location: Boca Raton, FL
Occupation: Medical Sales
Background: Moroccan / Israeli / Ashkenaz
David Nachmany
Location: Miami
Occupation: Entertainment / Resident DJ
Background: Moroccan / Israeli / Ashkenazi
Tyler Yagman
Location: Miami
Occupation: Lawyer
Background: American / Israeli
Shiri Kboudi
Location: New York City
Occupation: Finance Consulting
Background: Syrian / Yeminite / Israeli
Shrin Rostamian
Location: Miami
Occupation: Recruiting
Background: Persian – Israeli
Sharona Hat
Location: New York City
Occupation: Dentist
Background: Persian
Saul Shlomo
Location:Brooklyn
Occupation: Jewlery
Background: Syrian
Kami Salmon
Location:New York City
Occupation: Jewish Activism
Background: Ashkenazi / Israeli / Moroccan
Esther Hayon
Location:Montreal
Occupation: Teacher
Background: Moroccan
Eli Avra
Location:Cherry Hill, NJ
Occupation: Internet Techlogy/ Real Estate
Background: Israeli / American
Raquel Encaoua
Location: Miami
Occupation: Interior Design – Commercial
Background: Venezuelan / Moroccan
Ashley Friedman
Location: Parkland, FL
Occupation: Manager – Pharmaceuticals Distribution
Background: American / Ashkenazi
History of Jews in Turkey
By David Behar on October 8, 2024
As many of you know, my family is of Turkish descent. My grandparents on my Mother’s side grew up and wedded in Istanbul before moving to Spain, Italy, Cuba, and eventually to Panama and Turkey eventually. My father’s side of the family went from Istanbul to Cuba and eventually to New York by way of Israel. I want to start educating our members on different Sephardic Cultures and feel like it’s best to start with my own. Lets explore the History of Jews in Turkey.
Ancient Presence: Jewish communities in Anatolia date back to at least the 4th century BCE, with settlements in cities like Sardis during the Hellenistic and Roman periods.
Ottoman Era: Following the expulsion of Jews from Spain in 1492, the Ottoman Empire welcomed thousands of Sephardic Jews. Jews were concentrated in major urban centers like Istanbul, Izmir, Salonica (today Greece), and Edirne, and played a significant role in the empire’s economy and cultural life. At the height of its population in the 16th and 17th centuries, the Ottoman Empire was home to around 300,000 to 400,000 Jews. This population was predominantly Sephardic Jews, though there were also smaller communities of Romaniote, Ashkenazi, and Karaite Jews.
Jews faced incredible persecution in Spain leading up to the Spanish Inquisition in 1492. Sultan Bayezid II famously invited Sephardic Jews to settle in the empire after their expulsion from Spain, providing them refuge and security. The Sultan is said to have remarked on Spain’s mistake of driving out such valuable citizens.
The Ottoman millet system allowed Jews to practice their religion freely and manage their own communal affairs. Jewish communities operated under their hakham bashi (chief rabbi), who acted as the community’s representative to the Ottoman government.
Jewish educational and religious institutions thrived, with synagogues, schools, and yeshivot (religious schools) being established in major cities.
Golden Age: Under Ottoman rule, Jews enjoyed a relatively tolerant environment, flourishing in trade, medicine, and the arts. They maintained their religious and cultural traditions, with Ladino (Judeo-Spanish) becoming the dominant language among Sephardic Jews.
19th Century Reforms: As the Ottoman Empire modernized, Jewish communities gained more civic rights, though the decline of the empire led to economic challenges and emigration.
Turkish Republic: After the establishment of the Republic of Turkey in 1923, Jews, like other minorities, faced pressures to assimilate. Some experienced discrimination, such as the Varlık Vergisi (Wealth Tax) in 1942, which disproportionately affected non-Muslim citizens, leading to economic hardship and emigration.
Varlık Vergisi (Wealth Tax) was a discriminatory tax imposed by the Turkish government in 1942 (during WWII). It disproportionately targeted non-Muslim minorities, including Jews, Greeks, and Armenians. The tax placed an enormous financial strain on Jewish families and businesses. Many were unable to pay the exorbitant sums demanded and were forced to sell their properties, homes, and businesses at far below market value, often to Muslim buyers.
Those who could not pay the tax were sent to forced labor camps in remote areas of Turkey. This tax impacted my family in particular. My great grandfather, Albert Morel Kohen, unfortunately was sent to one of these camps and passed away within weeks of unknown conditions. He left behind 5 children, including my grandfather, Yako Morel. May his memory be a blessing.
- Ladino was the language spoken by Turkish Jews: Ladino, also known as Judeo-Spanish, is a language that developed among the Sephardic Jews after their expulsion from Spain in 1492. It is essentially medieval Spanish with a significant infusion of words from Hebrew, Turkish, Arabic, Greek, French, Italian, and other languages. Ladino was preserved by Jewish communities, especially in the Ottoman Empire (which included modern-day Turkey) and parts of North Africa, the Balkans, and the Middle East. If you want an example of Ladino, listen to this song within this Link.
World War II and Aftermath: During World War II, Turkey remained neutral, and though many Jews fled Europe through Turkey, others emigrated to Israel after its establishment in 1948.
Modern Times: Today, the Jewish population in Turkey has significantly decreased due to emigration, but the community, primarily centered in Istanbul, remains active with synagogues, schools, and cultural organizations. The population is estimated to be around 12,000 to 15,000 people. This is a significant decline from the early 20th century, when Turkey’s Jewish population numbered over 100,000.
Where other Turkish Jews are at today:
Israel : ~70,000 Jews
United States: ~20,000 Jews
Particularly in Miami, New York City, Seattle, and Los Angeles
Paris, France: ~10,000 Jews
Smaller populations
Montreal, Toronto, Mexico City, and Panama City
Our Sister Community in Los Angeles: The Sephardic Temple
By David Behar on October 8, 2024
I want to take a moment to highlight a community I love in Los Angeles: the Sephardic Temple. This past year, the community launched a Young Professionals group called YSP (Young Sephardic Professionals), which now hosts weekly Shabbat programming. The group is led by Rabbi Refael Cohen and Avi Kohen, group president.
My first encounter with YSP was at their Hanukkah event, “Casino Nights,” last December. It was held in the synagogue’s beautiful grand ballroom, and the atmosphere was incredible.
Rabbi Cohen is warm and welcoming, and it’s truly a pleasure to speak with him. He comes from a Persian background and grew up in the religious community of B’nai B’rak in Israel. You can learn more about him in this article.
I visited the community again on a random Shabbat in March this year. At that time, they had around 150 young professionals, all of whom were very approachable. One thing that stands out to me about this community is how they regularly bring in guest speakers for the young professionals’ minyan. During that Shabbat, they featured a highly talented personal trainer and motivator from within the community. I wish I could remember his name. The speaker was African American. Though he wasn’t Jewish, most of his clients were Jewish. Was really interesting to see someone from outside the community give a highly motivational speech.
The Sephardic Temple regularly brings in influential Jews to speak, including Matt Altman from Million Dollar Listing, Lisa Daftari, Fox News Journalist, and Dr. Sheila Nazarian, Plastic Surgeon and Israeli / Jewish Activist, to name a few.
The Sephardic Temple is over 100 years old and was founded by Sephardic Jews in Los Angeles from countries like Turkey, Greece, and Egypt. It’s located in Westwood, LA (10500 Wilshire Boulevard). I highly encourage you to visit.
Recipe of the Week: Moroccan Branzino Fish Ball
By David Behar on October 8, 2024
What would our Sephardic Club be without our rich food traditions. I’m creating this section to highlight delicious recipes that are being handed down from our older community members to our younger generation.
This recipe here was given to me by my girlfriend’s step dad, Yariv Shohat. Yariv is an Israeli native from a Moroccan and Yeminite background. These fish balls is one of his favorite Moroccan dishes.
Ingredients:
- Ground Branzino (request from grocery store)
- Salt
- Pepper
- Olive Oil (Light)
- Garlic
- 3 different types of Paprikas (Regular, Spanish, Sweet)
- White Pepper
- Basil
- Cilantro
- Parsley
- Red Bell Pepper
- Seasonings: i) Badia, ii) Fish seasoning (light), Vegetable seasoning, Raz El Hanout, Consumee, Cumin, Tumerick
- Garbanzo Chick Peas
- Tomato Sauce
- Garlic
Cooking Process:
- Mix the Branzino Fish patties into small balls with Cilantro, Parsley, and Red Bell Pepper (all cut small).
- You can add light olive oil to the mix (note: if cooking in sauce, no need for olive oil).
- Put the following seasonings:
- Bake the fish balls in Moroccan Tommato Sauce (Tomato Sauce, Chick Peas, Jalapeno (if you want spicy), Put Garlic, Cilantro and Parsley in the Sauce.
- You have an option to put potatos and carrots in the sauce or seperate.
- Bake the Fish ball in the Oven for 30 minutes on 400 degrees.
Speed Dating - Event Recap
By David Behar on October 8, 2024
We held our first Sephardic Speed Dating event last month on Wednesday, September 18, and I couldn’t be any happier with the outcome. It was a lot of work to develop an online platform and ensure that we had a really good process before hosting the event. Our guests shared great feedback, praising the smooth operation and the quality of the matches presented to them.
Sometimes when I’m marketing the event, I feel that people think the idea is nerdy, or that it reminds them of COVID times. It takes a lot to convince people to attend an event online when we’ve all grown so accustomed to going to in person events. For all the people that have this sentiment, I’d like to emphasize that those in person events aren’t getting a lot of us anywhere when it comes to dating. It’s the same experience over and over. You put in all this energy to get ready for these events only to show up and realize that the event is more of a party and less of an experience to meet new dating options.
Our first event was a 1.5-hour online session that I led. We limited attendance to 100 people, with participants joining from Miami, New York, Los Angeles, and Latin America. Matches were made based on location preferences, and for those open to long-distance dating, we expanded their options to include out-of-town guests. Each attendee enjoyed 4-7 dates throughout the evening. In between sessions, we hosted group chats filled with laughter and bonding moments. Although the primary focus was on one-on-one interactions, there were plenty of opportunities for group engagement as well.
The most impactful aspect of our first event was that it genuinely helped many guests connect with new potential dates. Over the course of the night, we facilitated around 250 dates, resulting in 95 matches—instances where both participants ‘liked’ each other and agreed to share contact information. After the event, I personally followed up with each guest to provide them with the contact details of their matches. It’s exciting to hear that some guests have already gone on dates since the event, which reinforces that our Speed Dating event is truly making a difference.
What I enjoy most about this event is the opportunity to play personal matchmaker for 100 people at once. It offers a highly personalized service, and many guests reached out during and after the event to ask for my help connecting with those they were interested in. I felt a deep sense of appreciation from those I assisted. I’m excited to see where this Speed Dating concept leads and hope to grow it into something larger and more impactful in the coming months. We already have two new Sephardic Speed Dating events scheduled for October 28 (ages 40s) and October 30 (ages 20s and 30s). You can register using the links below.
If you’re a Jew, Your Built to be a Boss
By David Behar on October 8, 2024
The article title pretty much says it. If you’re a Jew, be your own boss. Don’t be somebody else’s bitch. I’m going to get a lot of heat from people for writing this article, but this really needs to be said. You’re never going to feel fulfilled in the corporate world.
I spent 10+ years in corporate and I’ve worked with a lot of good people and learned a lot along the way. When I graduated UF (University of Florida) 10 years ago, I joined PwC, the largest accounting firm in the world, and spent three years there. Since then, I’ve worked a 10 years total for three different companies. I’ve specialized in the mergers and acquisitions. I’m proud of my experience, but I do have to say, I’ve met some A*holes along the way.
I’m not telling you to skip corporate all together after college. After all, you get a lot of good experience and learning from working for a big company. You need to first work for someone first to eventually be a boss. Otherwise, you’ll lack the tools to manage people. If you are in the corporate world, I reccomend finding a passion within your job and if not, finding something your passionate outside of your job. Always strive to be your own boss.
This is an unspoken topic. There are a lot of bullies and bad managers in the corporate world. Maybe this is just my experience, I really don’t know. I’ve worked with about 4-5 people throughout my career who were straight A*holes. Some made everyday a living hell. They took advantage of me and overloaded me with work. Some ridiculed me along the way. At the end of each year, some of these people found a way to underpay me. Simply because they didn’t like me. I couldn’t do anything about. I always needed a source of income to support myself.
That’s corporate America for you. No matter how hard you work or how good of a job you do, you’ll always feel underapreciated and underpaid. The corporate environment rewards few at the expense of most employees in a business. Some people are handed high paying positions, not because of their merrit, or because of their work experience, but because of their relationship with higher bosses.
In corporate America, they’re always going to put you in a box. I’m the type of person that can’t be put into a box.
I have many talents that your typical accountant has. I understand marketing. I’m creative. I’m outspoken. I’m a leader within my community.
If you’re feeling stuck in corporate, develope a passion outside and aim to create something meaninful. You’re a Jew! Many of us have found a way to excel and create industries in the past. It’s in our blood! I’m wishing you all much happiness and success in your endeavors this year. We have one life to live. Go after your dreams. Amen!
History of Jews in Cuba
By David Behar on October 13, 2024
In this second edition of this segment, I’m focusing on Cuba, where my family is from. You might wonder how my family came from Cuba when I previously discussed my Turkish roots. In short, a significant number of Turkish Jews began immigrating to Cuba around 1906, alongside a wave of Eastern European Ashkenazi Jews.
People often ask whether Cuban Jews are Sephardic or Ashkenazi. The answer is both. Just like Los Angeles has a diverse Jewish community—Persian, Ashkenazi, Reform, etc. – Cuba had a melting pot of Jewish immigrants. Most Cuban Jews relocated to Miami in the 1960s after Fidel Castro’s rise to power and the country’s shift to Communism.
We have two main Cuban synagogues in Miami, Temple Moses Sephardic Congregation for those of Turkish / Sephardic descent and Temple Beth Shmuel (The Cuban Hebrew Congregation) for those of Ashkenazi descent.
Some of my family’s closest friends come from a Cuban-Ashkenazi background. There’s a lot we can relate to amongst each other. We speak Spanish and share a common history in Cuba. However, speaking to my family and my Community alone, we’ve maintained our rich Turkish religious, food and cultural traditions. The difference can be noticeable when we visit our Cuban-Ashkenazi friends’ shabbats and Jewish gatherings. Neither the Turkish or Ashkenazi traditions are better than the other, they are just different
First off, lets take a step back to observe Cuba itself. Cuba is a giant A*ss island located approximately 90 miles from the southernmost point of Florida. The island is huge. It’s bigger than any island in Caribbean by a long shot. In fact, if Cuba were to be a US state, it would rank 26 in largest states by geography.
Cuba was discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1492 during his first voyage to the New World. Cuba is its own country and its people speak Spanish.
Here is the history of Cuban Jews:
- Early Presence (1492): Jews first arrived in Cuba as conversos (forced Christian converts), accompanying Christopher Columbus and other Spanish explorers.
- 18th Century Settlers: Small numbers of Jews, primarily Sephardic, began settling in Cuba during the 18th century when Spanish rule relaxed its restrictions on non-Catholics.
- First Synagogue (1906): With the arrival of Jewish immigrants from Turkey and Eastern Europe in the early 1900s, Cuba’s Jewish community grew, and Havana’s first synagogue, “United Hebrew Congregation,” was founded in 1906.
- The synagogue was established by a small group of Ashkenazi Jews who had immigrated from the United States, Eastern Europe, and elsewhere.
- Early 20th Century Immigration: Waves of Ashkenazi Jews from Eastern Europe and Sephardic Jews from the Ottoman Empire (Turkey and Greece) immigrated to Cuba in the 1920s-30s, fleeing persecution and poverty. There were also smaller populations that arrived from Syria.
- Post-Holocaust Refuge: During WWII, Cuba served as a temporary refuge for European Jews. The infamous SS St. Louis, carrying Jewish refugees, was denied entry in 1939, but other Jewish refugees were admitted during the Holocaust era.
- Community Growth: By the late 1940s, the Jewish population peaked at approximately 15,000, primarily concentrated in Havana. There were also Jews in other parts, including farmlands and rural areas. My father’s family, in particular, lived in Camaguey, an agricultural city in rural Cuba.
- Cuban Revolution (1959): After Fidel Castro’s rise to power, much of the Jewish community fled, fearing the nationalization of businesses and the shift towards communism. Many emigrated to the U.S. and Israel, shrinking the Jewish population.
- Many Jews, including my family lost all their wealth and assets, due to the rise in communism. This is a tale as old as time for many of us. Fortunately, we are a strong people and we’ve risen above harsh circumstances in many parts of the world.
- Jews fled from Cuba to the following destinations:
- Miami: Miami became the largest destination for Cuban Jews. Many settled in Miami Beach. Miami, already a growing hub for Cuban exiles, provided a familiar environment with shared language and culture, making it easier for Cuban Jews to assimilate.
- New York City: A smaller but significant portion of Cuban Jews also moved to New York City, particularly those with family ties or preexisting Jewish community networks there. My dad’s family ended up in New York and lived close to a sizable Turkish-Cuban synagogue in Carnarsie, Brooklyn.
- Israel: Some Cuban Jews, especially those who were more Zionist-oriented, chose to move to Israel. Before arriving to New York, my dad’s family first immigrated to Ashkelon (Israel) along with other Cuban families. They spent 18 months there before immigrating to the US. There were some families in Cuba who moved to Israeli by way of boat, traveling across the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea in ships.
- Other Latin American Countries: Smaller populations moved from Cuba to Mexico, Venezuela, and Puerto Rico. We have some distant family and friends in those locations as well.
- Post-Revolution Era: By the 1990s, the Jewish population had dwindled to less than 1,500, but Cuba’s government allowed some religious freedom, enabling the community to practice Judaism again.
- Jewish Revival (1990s): Efforts by the Cuban Jewish community, supported by international Jewish organizations, sparked a revival in Jewish culture, including religious services, education, and community programs.
- Current Population: Today, Cuba’s Jewish population is small (several hundred), mainly in Havana, with synagogues, Jewish schools, and community centers actively maintaining the community’s heritage.
Meet Ashley Friedman
By David Behar on November 1, 2024
Miami Sephardic Club Community:
I’m excited to spotlight one of our inspiring South Florida members, Ashley Friedman, as a featured single on David’s List. Ashley’s story holds a special place for me personally, and I think you’ll see why.
Ashley, 33, grew up in and still resides in Parkland, FL. Coming from an American-Ashkenazi background, with parents raised in New York and New Jersey, she leans conservative politically. Recently, Ashley became a single mother to a beautiful 3-month-old baby and is now genuinely seeking her match.
Some may wonder how she arrived at this point, and here’s the story. As she approached her early thirties, doctors informed Ashley that conceiving would likely become a significant challenge if she waited much longer. Despite being unmarried and the timing not being ideal, she chose to pursue IVF, fulfilling her dream of motherhood. Some may question her decision, but I deeply respect it. For many, raising a child brings the greatest sense of fulfillment—I know it’s my biggest purpose in life, and my parents would say the same.
In our community, this topic is rarely discussed, but the dilemma between waiting for marriage or embracing motherhood resonates with many women. I applaud Ashley for courageously realizing her lifelong dream.
What Ashley is looking for in a partner:
- Ashley is looking for a guy who’s financially stable, serious minded, family oriented, pet lover, adventurous, genuine, sincere, kind, and a good communicator.
- Open to dating men up 43 in age.
- Open to divorced and long distance.
- Open to men who are conservative to traditional religiously.
Summary details on Ashley:
- Age: 33
- Religious level: Conservative
- Kosher observance: Kosher style (Dairy Out)
- Shabbat Observance: Not Shomer Shabbat
- Celebrates the spirit of Shabbat and has meals weekly with family. Her brother is modern orthodox.
- Family:
- Siblings: One of Three (middle of three). One sibling is married with kids.
- Education:
- Undergraduate: Florida Atlantic University.
- Major: Business Administration and Minor: Hospitality Management
- Masters: University of Arizona
- Major: Healthcare Administration
- Undergraduate: Florida Atlantic University.
- Profession: Supervisor for Pharmaceutical Distributor
- Dog Friendly: She has a beautiful standard poodle. Her family has several standard poodles as well.
- Hobbies: Pilates, boating, watching movies and concerts
If you know anyone who might be interested in Ashley, please do not hesitate to contact us at msclubmiami@gmail.com or give her a follow on her personal Instagram
History of Jews in Rome
By Michael Bowman on November 12, 2024
Buongiorno Chaverim! Did you know that Rome has one of the longest continuous Jewish presences in the world? I didn’t know either until I spent two weeks in Italy this summer, with four days in Rome. The Jewish community there dates back to 161 BCE, making it one of the oldest in existence! It’s so ancient that it belongs to neither the Sephardic nor Ashkenazi branches. Jews indigenous to Rome are known as “Italkim” or “Italian Jews,” with unique customs, including distinct Hebrew pronunciations, prayers, and melodies.
Jews first arrived in Rome in 161 BCE to establish diplomatic relations with the emerging Roman Republic, seeking an alliance during the Maccabean revolt in Judea against the Seleucid (Greek) Empire. Many Jews stayed for generations, working as merchants and traders. Later, when Rome took control of Judea (70–135 CE), more Jews came as slaves and prisoners of war, yet remained in Rome for generations. Despite the Jewish revolts in Judea, Roman Jews generally had good relations with locals and rulers, including Julius Caesar and Augustus, who respected Jewish practices.
As Rome transitioned from a republic to a growing, and then collapsing, empire, the Jewish community stayed and contributed to society. Many Jews were involved in Mediterranean trade, bringing goods from North Africa, the Middle East, and Europe. The Jewish community also produced numerous doctors, who translated important medical texts from Aramaic and Arabic into Latin.
As Rome transitioned from a republic to a growing, and then collapsing, empire, the Jewish community stayed and contributed to society. Many Jews were involved in Mediterranean trade, bringing goods from North Africa, the Middle East, and Europe. The Jewish community also produced numerous doctors, who translated important medical texts from Aramaic and Arabic into Latin.
Sadly, this period of relative freedom and status took a drastic turn in 1555 when Pope Paul IV established the Ghetto in Rome, forcing all Jews to live in a cramped neighborhood prone to flooding due to its proximity to the Tiber River. Jews were restricted from leaving the Ghetto at night and limited to specific trades, such as secondhand clothing. The Ghetto’s purpose was to pressure Jews to convert to Catholicism, and churches were strategically placed around it. Some Jews were even forced to attend church services.
Remarkably, few Jews converted over the 300+ years that the Ghetto was in place. The Ghetto was finally abolished in 1870 when Italy became a unified state and took control of Rome from the Pope, allowing Jews to live anywhere they could afford. Jews soon rose to prominence in fields like banking, government, and the military. Rome even had a Jewish mayor in the early 20th century. In 1904, the Jewish community inaugurated the stunning Great Synagogue, which still stands and included Italy’s King, Victor Emanuel III, a strong supporter of the Jewish community at the time. Today, it remains a major attraction in Rome.
Sadly, dark clouds returned in 1938 when Italy’s Fascist government under Benito Mussolini enacted Racial Laws that were even more restrictive than those in Germany at the time. Mussolini’s government, allied with Nazi Germany, introduced antisemitic laws (Leggi Razziali) that banned Jews from teaching, government jobs, and other prominent professions. These laws restricted Jewish property rights, barred intermarriage with non-Jews, and limited citizenship. Fortunately, the Italian population largely opposed these policies.
When Germany occupied Italy in 1943, the Nazis began deporting Italian Jews to concentration camps. Initially, they threatened the entire Jewish community with deportation unless a certain amount of gold was paid in ransom. Remarkably, both Jewish and non-Jewish neighbors gathered the ransom, but the Nazis broke their promise and deported many to Auschwitz. If you’d like to learn more about the Jewish experience in Italy during WWII, I recommend watching “Life is Beautiful” (La Vita è Bella), which won Best Actor and Best Foreign Language Film at the 1999 Academy Awards.
Today, Rome’s Jewish community is vibrant, with a population of about 14,000. The former Ghetto is now the center of Jewish life, home to Judaica stores, kosher restaurants, museums, and synagogues, including the Great Synagogue.
The kosher cuisine here is absolutely incredible! Don’t miss Carciofi alla giudia (Jewish-style artichokes), Baccalà all’ebraica (Jewish-style fried cod), Amatriciana alla giudia (Jewish-style Amatriciana), and more. If you’re in Miami, you can get a taste of this cuisine at Hostaria Romana in Miami Beach.
Feel free to reach out if you need travel tips for Rome. I hope you enjoyed reading this article!
In Memory of Isaac Pour David
By David Behar on November 17, 2024
Why did Hashem take Isaac so soon?
This is the question that my whole community ( Temple Moses in Miami beach) has been asking ourselves over the last several days. Isaac was one of our most well-known and beloved community members. He was a common fixture in our prayer services and an important part of our community. He was only 46 years old when he passed away this past Monday, November 11, 2024. He tragically fell from a building just days after Rosh Hashana and entered a coma for 32 days. He fought hard to keep his life. Our whole community rallied behind him. We prayed. We brought him food. We held shiurs and challah bakes in his name. Unfortunately, Isaaac succombed to his injuries. I can never imagine the pain his family is going through. Us Jews spend Rosh Hashana thanking Hashem for our many blessings and praying for good health, safety, and prosperity for ourselves and our family in the year ahead. Just days after this beautiful holiday, Hashem took Isaac’s life in a sad direction.
Isaac owned a roofing business and was known in our community for building things. He regularly volunteered to build for the synagogue and other community members. He built sukkahs for us yearly. He built the official menorah of Miami Beach. He lived close to our Rabbi, Rabbi Daniel Hadar, and his family. Isaac’s wife and kids were deeply connected to our Rabbi and the community.
I didn’t know Isaac very well, but I always respected him. To me, he was the most positive person I observed within the community. Every Shabbat, Isaac would pace up and down the kahal, wearing his tallit and a fine suit, shaking everyone’s hand. He always wore a smile.
I don’t understand how Hashem could take this perfect person’s life just days after Rosh Hashanah. He was a religious man. He did everything right. He was a devoted husband and a good father. I watched his funeral from afar and witnessed two of his children speaking. The grace they showed blew me away. You can see his funeral service here. His sweet son and daughter speak towards the end. He clearly raised highly respectful and intelligent children.
Unfortunately, Isaac leaves behind five children and a wife. . They’re going to need help to pay for medical expenses, for Jewish education, and life’s necessities.
We need to support Isaac’s family as a community right now. Even a small donation—$10, $18, or $36—can make a big difference. Isaac did so much for his family and his community. We should be there for this family during this difficult time. Please consider donating to the link below.
Thank you all and may Isaac’s memory be a blessing. BDE
Click below for pictures of Isaac with his family and Community. If anybody else wants to contribute more photos, please reach out to us.
Donation Link
Please consider donating to Isaac’s family in this time of need. They are going to need all the help they can get to continue raising Isaac’s beautiful children and supporting his wife, who he’s unfortunately left behind.
Isaac’s Funeral Service
Meet the Community
We’re using this as a space to highlight featured community members and the services they offer.
Click on each image below to learn more each person and their service offering.
Directory by Industry and Location
History of Persian Jews
History of Persian Jews
In this edition, I’m focusing on Iran, which has one of the oldest Jewish communities in the world. You might wonder how Jews ended up in Iran and what their history has been like over the centuries. The answer takes us back thousands of years to biblical times, long before Iran was even called Iran.
People often ask whether Iranian Jews are Sephardic or Mizrahi. The answer is mostly Mizrahi, meaning “Eastern” Jews—those who have lived in the Middle East for centuries. However, because of Iran’s historical connections to the Persian and Ottoman Empires, some Persian Jews also have cultural ties to Sephardic traditions. Today, Iranian Jews make up a significant part of Jewish communities in Los Angeles, New York, and Israel.
Despite their deep roots in Iran, most Iranian Jews left the country following the 1979 Islamic Revolution. Many were forced to abandon their homes, businesses, and entire communities due to political upheaval.
Here’s a look at the history of Jews in Iran:
Ancient Roots (586 BCE)
Jews first arrived in Persia after the Babylonian exile in 586 BCE, when King Nebuchadnezzar destroyed the First Temple in Jerusalem and exiled Jews to Babylon (modern-day Iraq). When Cyrus the Great, founder of the Persian Empire, conquered Babylon in 539 BCE, he allowed Jews to return to Israel. Some did, but many stayed and became part of Persian society.
The Persian Empire (5th Century BCE – 7th Century CE)
Jews thrived under Persian rule and even appear in the Purim story, which takes place in ancient Persia during the reign of King Ahasuerus (believed to be Xerxes I). Queen Esther, a Jewish woman, became queen of Persia and saved the Jewish people from destruction.
During the Sassanian Empire (224-651 CE), Persian Jews continued to live relatively freely, though they sometimes faced persecution depending on the ruler.
Islamic Conquest (7th Century – 19th Century)
After the Arab Muslim conquest of Persia in 651 CE, Jews became dhimmis (a protected but second-class status under Islamic rule). They had to pay the jizya tax and faced occasional discrimination but were largely able to maintain their communities.
One of the most oppressive aspects of Safavid rule was the forced conversion of Jews to Islam. The policy of Jadid al-Islam (literally “New Muslims”) targeted Jews, compelling them to convert while still being treated with suspicion. Even after conversion, many “New Muslims” were closely monitored to ensure they did not revert to Judaism.
Under Shah Abbas I (1588–1629), Jewish communities suffered forced relocations. Entire Jewish populations were uprooted and moved to new locations, often for the economic benefit of the empire. While Shah Abbas I is sometimes credited with economic reforms, his policies toward Jews were inconsistent—occasionally providing protection but at other times enforcing discrimination
One of the most demeaning policies under Safavid rule was the concept of ritual impurity (najasat), which classified Jews (and other non-Muslims) as ritually unclean. This doctrine had severe consequences for Jewish daily life:
- Jews were often barred from touching food, water, or goods meant for Muslims, as their presence was believed to make items impure.
- Jewish homes and synagogues had to be located in separate quarters, often on the outskirts of cities.
- Jews were required to wear distinctive clothing, such as colored patches or hats, to differentiate them from Muslims in public.
During the Safavid Dynasty (1501-1736), conditions worsened, with forced conversions and restrictions on Jewish life. However, under the Qajar Dynasty (1796-1925), Iran saw increased European influence, and Jewish communities experienced some improvements.
Jewish Revival in the Pahlavi Era (1925-1979)
Under Reza Shah Pahlavi (1925-1941) and his son Mohammad Reza Shah (1941-1979), Iran modernized, and Jewish life flourished. Jews gained full citizenship, and many became successful in business, medicine, and the arts. The Jewish population peaked at around 100,000 by the 1970s, mainly centered in Tehran, Isfahan, and Shiraz.
The 1979 Islamic Revolution and Jewish Exodus
Everything changed with the 1979 Islamic Revolution, led by Ayatollah Khomeini. The new regime viewed Jews with suspicion, associating them with Israel and the Shah’s government. Many fled to the United States (especially Los Angeles and New York), Israel, and Europe.
Many Iranian Jews had to leave behind businesses, properties, and decades of hard work. While some Jews remained in Iran, their numbers have dwindled significantly.
Persian Jewish Communities in the United States
Los Angeles: The Heart of Persian Jewish Life in America
The largest Iranian Jewish community outside of Iran is in Los Angeles, particularly in Beverly Hills, Brentwood, Encino, and the San Fernando Valley. Today, there are an estimated 50,000–60,000 Persian Jews in the city.
Los Angeles’ Persian Jewish community is known for its strong family values, business acumen, and deep connection to Jewish tradition. Persian Jews in L.A. have built a thriving network of synagogues, schools, and organizations that help preserve their heritage. Notable synagogues include Nessah Synagogue in Beverly Hills, Eretz Cultural Center, and Torat Hayim.
Many Persian Jews have found success in the real estate industry, where they have become dominant players in commercial and residential property development. Others have become well-known doctors, dentists, and pharmacists, carrying on a long-standing Jewish tradition in medicine. Additionally, many Persian Jews are entrepreneurs, jewelers, lawyers, accountants, and financiers, contributing significantly to the economic landscape of Los Angeles.
Persian Jews are also known for their philanthropy, with many supporting Jewish and non-Jewish causes in Los Angeles, Israel, and beyond. Organizations such as the Magbit Foundation and the Iranian American Jewish Federation (IAJF) help support education, healthcare, and cultural preservation.
Despite their integration into American society, Persian Jews in Los Angeles maintain a distinct cultural identity, with strong ties to Persian language, food, and customs. Farsi is still spoken in many homes, and Persian cuisine—such as ghormeh sabzi, tahdig, and kebabs—is a staple at family gatherings and community events.
New York and Other Persian Jewish Communities
A smaller but prominent Persian Jewish community exists in Great Neck, Long Island, where many Iranian Jews settled after fleeing Iran. The NY Persian Jewish community is estimated to be between 25,000 – 40,000 people. Great Neck’s Persian Jewish community is known for its strong religious observance and successful business professionals.
Persian Jews have also settled in other major U.S. cities, including Miami, Washington D.C., and Houston, but their numbers are much smaller compared to Los Angeles and New York.
Jewish Life in Iran Today
Despite the mass exodus, Iran still has around 8,000-10,000 Jews. They have synagogues, kosher butchers, and schools, but life is restricted under Islamic law, and they face discrimination. While the Iranian government publicly claims to support Jewish life, Jews are still under heavy surveillance, and expressing any connection to Israel can be dangerous.
Final Thoughts
The story of Iranian Jews is one of resilience. From biblical times to modern-day Los Angeles, they have preserved their culture, traditions, and strong sense of community. Persian Jews have made a lasting impact in business, medicine, and philanthropy while keeping their heritage alive. Whether in Tehran, Beverly Hills, or Tel Aviv, Persian Jews continue to shape Jewish history.
Sephardic Speed Dating NYC – Event Recap
It’s been three days since our first-ever in-person Sephardic Speed Dating event in NYC, and I’m still riding the high after this event. Not only did the night exceed my expectations—it was hands down my favorite event I’ve ever hosted in the four years of running the Sephardic Club.
I launched Sephardic Speed Dating last October after watching my friends—and myself—struggle endlessly with today’s dating world. You’ve probably seen me post about it more than a few times. People aren’t connecting in real, meaningful ways anymore. Instead, they’re swiping, ghosting, and chasing unrealistic ideals. Too many guys are holding out for supermodels, overlooking amazing women right in front of them. Too many women are chasing status—money, titles, fast-paced lifestyles—and ignoring the guys who’d actually show up and be present. This mindset is keeping people single well into their 30s, 40s, and beyond.
That’s why I’m so passionate about what I’ve built. I truly believe Sephardic Speed Dating is doing something important for our community. Our events are powered by a custom-built matchmaking technology I helped develop, which lets me carefully pair attendees in a way that feels both personal and seamless.
Here’s how it works:
- Guests submit personal details and preferences when signing up.
- Each person is set up on up to 7 curated, back-to-back dates.
- After the event, I help mutual matches exchange contact info and continue things offline.
The online events have been amazing and will absolutely continue—but bringing this concept into the real world was something special. For our NYC launch, we used our tech to pair guests and printed custom schedules for each person on arrival. Around 70 people attended, with 34 simultaneous one-on-one dates happening per round. We had 7 rounds of dates, each with a break in-between. The DJ was spinning music during each date. Our venue was an upscale Mexican restaurant, Casa Bond, located in Lower Manhattan, and the drinks were truly top knotch. We wrapped the dating portion with a full-blown afterparty—DJ, premium cocktails, and even more guests joining just for the social part.
The crowd was truly top tier. So many beautiful Sephardic souls from diverse backgrounds: Turkish, Greek, Syrian, Persian, etc. I loved meeting everyone and guiding them through the experience too. The setup was simple: men stayed at assigned tables while women rotated through for five-minute dates. Watching the room light up with real, face-to-face conversations was something I’ll never forget. The chemistry was real—so much so that people were reluctant to switch tables when time was up.
Afterward, I heard from so many guests who had already lined up follow-up dates this week. After each Speed Dating event, I act somewhat as a Matchmaking concierge service. I’m in touch with many of the guests via text and email, helping guide them through their dating journeys. The excitement and positive energy in the room confirmed what I’ve believed since day one—our community needs this.
This first in-person event has only fueled my drive to bring these experiences to more cities. Miami and Los Angeles are next. I can’t wait to see the couples that come out of NYC—and what’s to come next. Stay tuned.
Miami, I'm Back
Back like I never left. I’ve officially relocated to Miami to pursue new ventures. In two weeks, I’m getting married to my love, Emir, and we’re starting our lives together right here in Florida, close to our families.
Since 2019, I’ve lived off and on in NYC for five and a half years. I was fortunate enough to take advantage of the remote work setup. In 2022, I took a new opportunity in New York, which brought me back up to the City. I lived on the Upper East Side, traveling back to Miami regularly for two and a half years. I was constantly back and forth between the two cities—so much so that my New York friends always felt like I was in Florida, and my Florida friends always felt like I was in New York.
I’m really excited to live here again and to continue building this wonderful community. I feel most spiritual in Miami, often bouncing between Temple Moses, the Sephardic Center, and Netive Ezra for shaharit during the week. I love spending my Shabbats with my family and Emir’s family, and especially love living with my dogs, Lola and Eli. My long walks around the neighborhood and the beach fuel my soul. I’m most creative here.
I’m looking forward to this new chapter in life, and I hope you’re excited too. I’m going to give back to our community to the fullest of my ability.
Jewish Life in the Ottoman Empire: City by City (Turkey & Greece Edition)
Intro:
After the expulsion from Spain in 1492, the Ottoman Empire became a sanctuary for Jews fleeing persecution. Sultan Bayezid II famously welcomed them, understanding the value they would bring to the empire—economically, intellectually, and spiritually. Over time, Jewish communities flourished across the empire, each developing a distinct personality shaped by its geography, local economy, and blend of traditions. Here’s a look at the diverse Jewish worlds that existed across Ottoman Turkey and Greece.
Istanbul (Constantinople)
As the imperial capital, Istanbul was the beating heart of Ottoman Jewish life. This is where my family comes from, as well as much of my Temple Moses community in Miami. Jews here came from all over—Spain, Portugal, Italy, and even the Arab lands—bringing with them a mosaic of customs and dialects. The result was a multi-layered community that blended Sephardic, Romaniote, and Karaite traditions. Istanbul quickly became a hub of Jewish publishing, producing texts in Ladino, Hebrew, and Ottoman Turkish. Rabbis in the city often acted as central authorities for communities across the empire, mediating disputes and issuing legal rulings. Many Jews found economic success as jewelers, physicians, and merchants dealing in textiles and precious goods. Some even held prestigious roles at the Ottoman court, further cementing the city’s reputation as a center of influence, intellect, and religious authority.
Salonika (Thessaloniki)
Known as the “Jerusalem of the Balkans,” Salonika was one of the only cities in Europe where Jews formed the majority population for centuries. After 1492, it became a major refuge for Sephardic Jews, who brought with them the Ladino language, Spanish customs, and a love of learning. The city was unique in that entire sectors of its economy—from port labor to customs operations—were driven by Jewish workers. Dozens of synagogues dotted the landscape, many organized by city of origin (like the Kal de Aragon or Kal de Portugal), creating a sense of community within a community. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, Salonika became known for its Jewish socialist movements, driven in large part by Jewish women working in tobacco factories. It was a city where faith, labor, and political thought coexisted—and often thrived together.
Izmir (Smyrna)
Izmir was a port city with a deeply spiritual soul. Jewish life here rose to prominence in the 17th century, thanks to its growing role in East-West trade. Jewish merchants were active in textiles, spices, and European exports, while local artisans produced everything from silks to dyes. Yet Izmir is perhaps best remembered as the birthplace of Sabbatai Zevi, the controversial mystic who declared himself the messiah and stirred the Jewish world. Despite the scandal that followed, his rise revealed the spiritual energy pulsing through Izmir’s Jewish streets. The community embraced music, mysticism, and poetry—especially piyyutim (liturgical poems) sung in the Sephardic tradition. Life here blended commerce and kabbalah, creating a community that was both traditional and searching.
Edirne (Adrianople)
Before Istanbul rose to power, Edirne served as the capital of the Ottoman Empire—and its Jewish community flourished accordingly. Jews in Edirne played an important role in textile dyeing and leatherwork, industries vital to the city’s economy. But beyond trade, Edirne was known as a center of rabbinic learning in the 15th and 16th centuries. Its scholars were respected across the empire, and the city attracted a mix of Sephardic, Romaniote, and Karaite Jews, each contributing to a rich spiritual and cultural life. While Edirne’s importance faded with time, it remained a place of deep Jewish memory—synagogues, rabbinic courts, and communal institutions shaped generations of Jewish life.
Rhodes
Small in size, Rhodes held a special place in the Sephardic world. Its Jewish community, largely composed of Spanish exiles, preserved pre-expulsion customs with remarkable precision. Ladino remained the language of the home and synagogue, and halakhic observance was central to daily life. The community was known for its strong rabbinic leadership, strict communal organization, and deep commitment to education. Torah study was a priority, and students from Rhodes often became respected teachers abroad. In the 20th century, many Jews from Rhodes migrated to Africa, the Americas, and Israel—but they carried their unique culture with them, maintaining the melodies, foods, and traditions of Ottoman Rhodes well into modern times.
Bursa
Often overlooked in broader Jewish histories, Bursa was actually one of the earliest Ottoman cities to host Jewish communities, even before the 1492 expulsion. Afterward, it became a quieter but stable Sephardic enclave. The city was known for its silk industry, and Jews were deeply involved in every aspect of production—from spinning to selling. While Bursa didn’t produce as many prominent rabbis or political thinkers as other cities, it fostered a steady, peaceful Jewish life centered around family, work, and tradition. Synagogues here were often modest, community-run spaces, tied to familial and trade networks rather than regional origin.
Conclusion
Across the Ottoman Empire, no two Jewish communities were exactly alike. Istanbul boomed with rabbinic power and publishing. Salonika buzzed with socialist spirit and port labor. Izmir swayed between merchants and mystics. From the scholars of Edirne to the spiritual discipline of Rhodes, each city tells a story of survival, adaptation, and Jewish resilience—woven into the vast and complex tapestry of Ottoman history.
Jewish Life in Persia: City by City
Intro:
Persia (modern day Iran) is one of the oldest and most spiritually rich Jewish landscapes in the world. From the days of Cyrus the Great to the Jewish neighborhoods of Tehran and Shiraz, Persia has been home to a vibrant and deeply rooted Jewish presence. Over centuries, Jewish communities in Persian cities developed unique customs, trades, and reputations—shaped by geography, local culture, and the rhythm of everyday life. Each city had its own personality, its own flavor of Jewishness. Here’s a closer look at what made them special.
Tehran
The modern heart of Jewish life in Iran. While Tehran wasn’t historically a Jewish stronghold like other Persian cities, it rose to prominence in the 20th century, especially during the Pahlavi era. Jews moved to the capital from smaller towns for better economic opportunities and greater freedom. Tehran became the center of Jewish education, commerce, and political organizing. Wealthy Jewish families became prominent in medicine, real estate, textiles, and the arts. The city also saw the rise of modern Jewish schools, synagogues, and Zionist youth movements, blending tradition with new ideas. Though Tehran’s Jewish life was more Westernized and cosmopolitan than in other cities, it still carried the warmth of Persian hospitality and deep community bonds.
Isfahan
The elegant jewel of central Iran, known for its poetry, architecture—and vibrant Jewish community.
Jews in Isfahan were known for being refined, soft-spoken, and deeply religious. They lived in a district called Jubareh, one of the oldest continuously inhabited Jewish quarters in the world. Isfahani Jews were skilled in dyeing, weaving, and working with precious metals, often crafting intricate textiles and jewelry. While they lived under strict social codes during certain periods, including wearing distinguishing clothing and facing legal limitations, they also enjoyed periods of relative peace. Spiritually, Isfahan produced respected rabbis and scholars, and its synagogues were known for their beauty and atmosphere of quiet devotion.
Shiraz
A city of mysticism, poetry—and survival. The Jewish community of Shiraz endured some of the harshest episodes of persecution in Persian history. Pogroms, forced conversions, and humiliating edicts were not uncommon, especially in the 19th century. And yet, Shirazi Jews held tightly to their traditions. Known for their fiery spirit, they were often described as courageous and proud, despite external pressures. They were involved in spice trade, herbal medicine, and artisanal crafts. Shiraz also had a rich tradition of piyutim (liturgical poetry) and oral storytelling, and some families preserved ancient manuscripts and mystical texts passed down for generations. The community here carried a quiet intensity—spiritual, proud, and deeply connected to the land.
Hamadan
Home to one of the oldest Jewish communities in the world. Hamadan is believed to be the resting place of Queen Esther and Mordechai, making it a city of pilgrimage and legend. Jews had lived here since at least the time of the Achaemenid Empire. The community was deeply traditional, with strong ties to religious scholarship and oral history. Jewish families here were known for their honesty and piety, often working as tailors, cobblers, or small-scale merchants. Even during times of hardship, they preserved an unshakable sense of identity, anchored by their connection to biblical lineage and ancient roots.
Kermanshah
A city nestled in the Zagros Mountains, where Kurdish and Persian culture blended. Kermanshah’s Jewish community was smaller but had a distinctive flair. Jews here were known for their hospitality, musicality, and love of community celebrations. They lived in close proximity to Muslim and Christian neighbors, and cultural exchange was common. Many worked as artisans, grocers, or cloth merchants, and their homes were often filled with music, especially during weddings and holidays. Though more provincial, Kermanshah produced wise elders and lay leaders who were deeply respected across Jewish Persia.
Yazd
Remote, conservative, and deeply rooted in tradition. The Jewish quarter of Yazd was tightly knit, and life there was defined by religious observance and modesty. The community followed halakha strictly, with local rabbis acting as both spiritual leaders and moral guides. Many Yazdi Jews worked in the silk trade or as moneychangers. Due to the city’s conservative climate, Jews lived cautiously and quietly, but maintained a powerful sense of communal cohesion. Some of the strictest kosher practices and Persian-Jewish customs originated here, and the melodies of Yazdi prayer services are still remembered fondly by émigrés.
Kashan
Once a center of Jewish learning and economic strength. Kashani Jews were known as successful merchants—especially in the textile and perfume industries. They had a reputation for being shrewd in business but also generous in charity. The community was known for its Torah study, and many influential Persian Jewish scholars came from Kashan. Though small in number, the Jews of Kashan held themselves with great dignity and had a reputation for being both learned and elegant. Kashan also had beautiful synagogues, often modest on the outside but richly decorated within.
Mashhad
A story of secrecy, survival, and faith behind closed doors. Mashhad holds one of the most unique and painful chapters in Persian Jewish history. In 1839, after a violent pogrom known as the Allahdad, the entire Jewish community was forced to publicly convert to Islam. From that day forward, Mashhadi Jews lived as crypto-Jews—outwardly Muslim, inwardly Jewish. They were known as Anusim (forced ones), and for over a century, they practiced Judaism in secret: lighting Shabbat candles in basements, performing brit milah in hiding, and whispering Hebrew prayers behind closed doors. Despite the pressure to assimilate, they preserved their identity with remarkable tenacity. Mashhadi Jews became skilled in trade, especially in carpets, jewelry, and international commerce. Many traveled abroad for business, quietly reconnecting with Jewish communities elsewhere. When emigration became possible, they left in waves—first to Tehran, then to Israel, the U.S., and Europe. Today, the Mashhadi community is globally respected for its strength, unity, and fierce dedication to Jewish life—built on generations who whispered prayers where they could not be spoken aloud.
Final Thoughts
Jewish life in Persia was not a monolith. From the mystical scholars of Isfahan to the proud survivors of Shiraz, from the modern Jews of Tehran to the Torah-loving elders of Hamadan—each city offered its own expression of Jewish identity. Despite the challenges they faced—discrimination, forced conversions, and political upheaval—Persian Jews nurtured their traditions with quiet strength. Today, their descendants carry these stories to cities like Los Angeles, New York, Tel Aviv, and beyond—cooking the same stews, singing the same melodies, and honoring the legacy of Jewish Persia with pride.
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